
Migraine: Symptoms, Triggers, and Treatment
Migraine is the most common cause of headaches. One in four women and one in twelve men suffer from migraines.
Characteristics
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Intense pain affecting daily life
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Throbbing, crushing, piercing sensation
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Unilateral pain in the temples, neck, or forehead
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Lasts between 4 to 10 hours
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Sensitivity to smells, sounds, and light
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General fatigue and weakness
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Visual disturbances before pain (flashing lights, temporary vision loss, double vision)
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Restlessness and tension
Triggers
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Stress, fatigue, emotional distress, relaxation after intense periods
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Excessive exercise
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Skipping meals, eating too little, delayed meals
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Menstrual cycles, birth control pills, menopause medications
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Certain foods and drinks (aged cheese, nuts, coffee, wine, beer)
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Sleep irregularities (too little or too much sleep, disrupted schedule)
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Weather changes (humid wind, cloudy days, bright lights, strong odors, long travels)
Treatment
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For frequent attacks (more than 2-3 per month), preventive medications are prescribed.
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For occasional attacks, special painkillers are used during migraine crises.