During seasonal transitions, illnesses may become more frequent. However, in winter, factors like cold weather increase the likelihood of falling ill. Children, due to their developing immune systems, are more susceptible during this season. Winter illnesses often arise due to climatic, social, and physical changes associated with the season.Time

Most winter illnesses are infections caused by microbes. The cold weather, increased air pollution, and crowded indoor environments contribute to the spread of these infections, especially among children.

Unhealthy Nutrition

Children are the most affected by winter illnesses. Factors that weaken the body's resistance during winter include:

• Increased physical stress compared to warmer seasons

• Skin dryness due to cold

• Dryness of mucous membranes in the nose and mouth

• Ineffective protective mechanisms

• Shift towards heavier and unhealthy foods

• Increased inactivity

What Are Winter Illnesses?

Common winter illnesses in children include flu, cold, middle ear infections, tonsillitis, and sinusitis. If not treated early, these can lead to serious complications. Improper use of antibiotics or delayed treatment can result in conditions like rheumatic fever or middle ear infections affecting the heart and kidneys.

Attention to Hygiene at School

In winter, there's an increase in both upper and lower respiratory tract infections among children. Key reasons include school life and the onset of cold weather. Young children, especially those new to school, have underdeveloped immunity. Poor hand hygiene and direct contact with sick peers facilitate the spread of diseases. Spending more time indoors during cold weather also increases exposure to viruses and bacteria.

To protect children from winter illnesses:

• Breastfeed to strengthen the immune system.

• Ensure a balanced intake of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats.

• Provide vitamin supplements naturally or under medical supervision.

• Increase consumption of fruits and vegetables.

• Include fish in the diet 1-2 times a week.

• Avoid junk food.

• Encourage frequent handwashing.

• Avoid smoking around the child.

• Ensure vaccinations are up-to-date.

• Avoid prolonged stays in dirty, closed, and cold environments; ventilate indoor spaces regularly.

• Maintain appropriate room temperature and humidity.

• Prevent contact with sick individuals.

• Regularly monitor chronic conditions.

• Teach covering mouth and nose with disposable tissues when sneezing or coughing.

Despite precautions, if your child frequently falls ill during winter, consult a specialist. Also, be vigilant against outbreaks to protect children from winter illnesses.